![]() ![]() Plūtō ( genitive Plūtōnis) is the Latinized form of the Greek Plouton. ![]() Under the name Pluto, the god appears in other myths in a secondary role, mostly as the possessor of a quest-object, and especially in the descent of Orpheus or other heroes to the underworld. Plouton as the name of the ruler of the underworld first appears in Greek literature of the Classical period, in the works of the Athenian playwrights and of the philosopher Plato, who is the major Greek source on its significance. His central narrative in myth is of him abducting Persephone to be his wife and the queen of his realm. In Greek cosmogony, the god received the rule of the underworld in a three-way division of sovereignty over the world, with his brother Zeus ruling the sky and his other brother Poseidon sovereign over the sea. Pluto and Hades differ in character, but they are not distinct figures and share two dominant myths. Hades, by contrast, had few temples and religious practices associated with him, and he is portrayed as the dark and violent abductor of Persephone. The couple received souls in the afterlife and are invoked together in religious inscriptions, being referred to as Plouton and as Kore respectively. The name Ploutōn came into widespread usage with the Eleusinian Mysteries, in which Pluto was venerated as both a stern ruler and a loving husband to Persephone. Ploutōn was frequently conflated with Ploûtos, the Greek god of wealth, because mineral wealth was found underground, and because as a chthonic god Pluto ruled the deep earth that contained the seeds necessary for a bountiful harvest. Pluto represents a more positive concept of the god who presides over the afterlife. The earlier name for the god was Hades, which became more common as the name of the underworld itself. Persephone is also goddess of the changing seasons Proserpina is goddess of springtime.In ancient Greek religion and mythology, Pluto ( Greek: Πλούτων, Ploutōn) was the ruler of the Greek underworld. Vesta is also the Roman goddess of altars. Hera is depicted as vengeful toward her husband Zeus’s lovers, while Juno is more merciful toward Jupiter’s lovers. Queen of the gods, Goddess of marriage and birth Gaia is a primordial Earth goddess who gave birth to ancient gods. Venus is also the goddess of fertility and prostitution.ĭiana is also the goddess of witchcraft and femininity.Ĭeres is also the goddess of grains and she administers rites of the dead. ![]() Here are some ways to tell the difference between them. Their origin stories and roles are often very similar to each other, but each goddess in Greek culture is a bit different than her Roman counterpart. Zeus often interfered with mortal life on Earth Jupiter was also the god of victory.īoth Greek and Roman cultures worshipped powerful goddesses as well as gods. Neptune was originally the god of freshwater, as the Roman Empire was landlocked for a period of time. Hermes is more of a trickster and thief than Mercury. Vulcan controls volcanic fire and eruptions. Pluto is derived from the Greek plouton meaning “rich,” he collects wealth under the ground, while Hades is more foreboding. God of wine, vegetation, and intoxicationĭionysus is also the Greek god of religion (“spiritual intoxication”).Įros is the god of all love, but Cupid is the god of romantic love and lust. Saturn is the Roman god of seasons and sowing seeds Rome gave Saturn (father of Jupiter) the same genealogy as Chronos (father of Zeus). Mars, originally god of agriculture, was Rome’s protector, while Ares was deadly to everyone, including Greeks. When Rome reached Greece, they adopted all 12 gods, changed their names to Roman names, and gave them more traditional Roman personalities.Ĭheck out these additional similarities and differences between Greek and Roman gods.Īpollo is also known as Phoebus and has a more imperial role in Roman culture. They added gods with desirable attributes to their pantheon as they expanded the Roman Empire across the world. Greeks and Romans often established societal norms with mythological stories, as gods were not perfect in behavior or personality.īut unlike the Greeks who worshipped the 12 gods of Olympia, Rome worshipped thousands of different gods. Even though Greek gods predate Roman gods by over 1,000 years, both cultures use mythology to understand the world around them.
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